What is sinusitis?
Sinusitis is a disease that occurs as a result of inflammation of the air-filled sinus cavities located within the facial bones. Under normal conditions, the sinuses regulate airflow within the nose, clear mucus, and contribute to the healthy functioning of the respiratory system. However, when the sinus drainage pathways become blocked due to causes such as the flu, a cold, or allergic rhinitis, mucus begins to accumulate, creating an environment conducive to the growth of bacteria or viruses. Sinusitis manifests itself with symptoms such as severe headache, pressure and fullness in the face, nasal congestion, green-yellow nasal discharge, decreased sense of smell, and sometimes fever. While acute sinusitis can last for a few weeks, chronic sinusitis can persist for months and seriously affect a person's quality of life. Therefore, it is crucial to diagnose sinusitis promptly and treat it with appropriate methods.
Treatment methods
The main goal in treating sinusitis is to reduce inflammation in the sinuses, clear mucus, and relieve congestion. The treatment plan varies depending on the duration and severity of the sinusitis and the patient's overall health. In mild cases, rest, drinking plenty of fluids, and nasal cleansing may alleviate symptoms, while more serious cases require medication. Decongestant sprays and tablets can be used to reduce swelling inside the nose; however, it should be noted that long-term use of these can cause side effects. Antibiotics may be necessary for bacterial sinusitis, but not all sinusitis is treated with antibiotics. In addition, rinsing the nose with salt water helps thin the mucus and open the nasal passages. Endoscopic sinus surgery may be performed in cases of chronic sinusitis or when medication is insufficient. This method opens the blockage in the sinuses, allowing air to circulate and preventing recurrent infections.
Prevention methods
One of the most effective ways to prevent sinusitis is to keep the immune system strong. Regular sleep, a balanced diet, and adequate fluid intake are important in this regard. In addition, it is necessary to be careful in crowded and closed environments to protect against upper respiratory tract infections such as the flu and the common cold. People with allergies should receive appropriate treatment to prevent sinus blockage and reduce the risk of sinusitis. Avoiding cigarette smoke and maintaining a balanced humidity level in the environment are also beneficial for sinus health. Especially in winter, very dry indoor air can trigger sinusitis, so the use of humidifiers is recommended.